When is a disaster national? | December 1, 2025

Hello reader,

Hundreds killed, thousands missing, and tens of thousands displaced, yet the central government has yet declared the devastating Sumatra floods and landslides a national disaster. That’s not to say regional governments are being completely abandoned, as help (and pledges to help) from central is beginning to arrive.

As for what caused this disaster, the evidence seems to point that this goes far beyond heavy rain. More on the Sumatra disasters in today’s edition of Nusantara Notes.

Cheers,

Andra

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